Confirmation Measures
ISO 26262-2 & -8: Reviews, Audits & Functional Safety Assessments
What You'll Learn
Build complete competency in confirmation measures through structured, progressive learning.
Plan Confirmation Measures in the Safety Plan
Schedule and resource confirmation reviews, audits, and FSAs aligned with project phase gates and ASIL-graded independence requirements.
Determine Correct Independence Level
Apply the ASIL-to-independence mapping (I1/I2/I3) to select appropriate reviewer or assessor profiles for each confirmation activity.
Conduct Compliant Confirmation Reviews
Execute reviews with correct scope, checklists, and documentation per ISO 26262-2 Clause 5.4.7, capturing findings and tracking them to closure.
Manage Findings to Closure
Classify, assign, and resolve confirmation findings with appropriate corrective actions and verifiable closure evidence before releasing the finding record.
Assemble the FSA Evidence Package
Compile all confirmation measure outputs into a coherent evidence package supporting the functional safety assessment decision.
Avoid Common Compliance Failures
Recognize and correct the most frequent independence violations, incomplete reviews, and missing evidence patterns that cause assessment non-conformances.
12 Comprehensive Chapters
Each chapter builds your confirmation measures expertise systematically from foundations to advanced application.
Key Terminology
Define confirmation review, functional safety audit, functional safety assessment, and independence levels (I1-I3) as specified in ISO 26262-2. Understand why these activities are mandatory, not optional, for ASIL B and above.
Confirmation Process Flow
Trace the complete confirmation workflow from planning through execution to finding closure: how triggers are set, who initiates each measure, required inputs and outputs, and lifecycle integration points.
Confirmation Reviews
Learn how to plan, conduct, and document confirmation reviews per ISO 26262-2 Clause 5.4.7. Covers review scope definition, reviewer independence criteria, checklist construction, and non-conformance handling.
Functional Safety Audits
Understand functional safety audits as process compliance checks: audit scope, auditor qualifications, sampling strategies, objective evidence collection, and production of the audit report with findings.
FSA - Functional Safety Assessment
Deep-dive into the Functional Safety Assessment as the most comprehensive confirmation measure: assessor independence requirements, assessment object selection, lifecycle coverage, and the final assessment report structure.
Independence Requirements
Map ASIL levels to required independence levels (I1 for QM/A, I2 for B/C, I3 for D) with organizational, financial, and spatial independence criteria. Understand when role separation is sufficient vs. external independence required.
ASIL-Dependent Formality
Scale confirmation measure depth with ASIL: checklist depth, sampling rates, reviewer experience requirements, reporting obligations, and escalation paths when independence or formality cannot be achieved.
Planning Confirmation Activities
Integrate confirmation measures into the safety plan: scheduling gates, assigning responsible roles, identifying required competencies, budgeting time, and coordinating with project milestones and phase transitions.
Findings Management
Handle confirmation findings systematically: classify by severity (minor/major/critical), assign owners, set closure deadlines, implement corrective actions, and obtain confirming evidence before releasing the finding.
Evidence Integration
Assemble the safety evidence package from confirmation measure outputs: link review reports, audit findings, FSA decisions, and corrective action records to the safety case and maintain document traceability.
Best Practices
Adopt industry-proven practices: early planning avoids schedule compression, living checklists reduce effort, cross-functional review teams improve coverage, and automated evidence collection reduces administrative burden.
Common Pitfalls
Avoid the most frequent failures: treating confirmation measures as rubber stamps, incorrect independence classification, incomplete finding closure, missing safety plan updates, and inadequate assessor competency.
6 6 Interactive Diagrams & Tools
Experiment with visual tools that bring confirmation measures concepts to life.
Confirmation Process Flowchart
End-to-end interactive flowchart showing the confirmation workflow: trigger, planning, execution, finding management, and closure with decision points and ASIL-dependent branches.
Independence Level Matrix
Interactive ASIL-to-independence-level matrix (I1/I2/I3) with organizational structure examples and decision criteria for each combination of activity type and ASIL level.
Audit Evidence Map
Visual mapping of audit evidence types to ISO 26262 work products, showing which documents satisfy which audit objectives and how sampling depth scales with ASIL.
Findings Severity Classifier
Interactive tool to classify confirmation findings by impact and urgency, assigning severity levels and recommended closure timelines with escalation triggers.
Safety Plan Confirmation Timeline
Gantt-style timeline showing how confirmation reviews, audits, and FSAs integrate with project phase gates and milestone decisions across the safety lifecycle.
FSA Evidence Package Diagram
Visual structure of a complete FSA evidence package: assessment objects, evidence types, independence declarations, findings, corrective actions, and final assessment decision.
ASIL C Electric Parking Brake Confirmation Cycle
Complete confirmation measure execution for an ASIL C EPB system: confirmation reviews at concept and system design phases, a functional safety audit at the hardware design milestone, and an independent FSA prior to start of production.
- Confirmation review 1: FSC completeness against HARA (I2 independence satisfied)
- Confirmation review 2: TSC and hardware architecture (peer from different project)
- Functional safety audit: process compliance check with 14 findings, 3 major
- Major finding closure with evidence: updated FMEDA recalculation accepted
- FSA by certified external assessor: conditional acceptance with 2 open points
- Final FSA sign-off after open point closure at SOP minus 6 weeks
EPB Confirmation Timeline
Master Confirmation Measures for ISO 26262 Compliance
Build the knowledge to plan, execute, and document all confirmation activities required for ASIL B through D systems.
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