Hardware Metrics
Master SPFM, LFM, and PMHF calculation with FMEDA process analysis, safety architecture comparison, and real-world case studies. This module covers the complete hardware metrics workflow with interactive calculators and a step-by-step FMEDA simulator.
What You'll Learn
Build complete competency in hardware metrics from failure rate fundamentals through FMEDA analysis to ASIL-compliant architecture design.
Calculate Hardware Metrics
Compute SPFM, LFM, and PMHF for any safety architecture using standard formulas with proper failure mode classification and diagnostic coverage inputs.
Perform FMEDA Analysis
Execute complete failure mode, effects, and diagnostic analysis with systematic failure mode classification, FIT rate derivation, and DC determination.
Select Safety Architectures
Choose between 1oo2, 2oo2, and 1oo2D architecture patterns based on ASIL requirements, diagnostic capability, and fail-operational needs.
Evaluate Failure Rates
Apply FIT data from multiple sources including handbooks, field data, and semiconductor models with proper temperature derating and mission profile adaptation.
Meet ASIL Targets
Ensure compliance with ASIL B, C, and D quantitative target requirements for SPFM, LFM, and PMHF through systematic verification and budget allocation.
Apply EEC Method
Use Evaluation of Each Cause as an alternative to PMHF for per-cause safety evaluation with systematic cause identification and mitigation assessment.
13 Comprehensive Chapters
From failure rate theory through FMEDA analysis to real-world case studies, each chapter builds your hardware metrics expertise systematically.
Theoretical Background & Methodology
Understand E/E architecture evolution, failure rate fundamentals, the bathtub curve, three pillars of hardware metrics, ASIL development aspects, redundancy concepts, and safety analysis methodology.
Hardware Metrics
Master SPFM, LFM, and PMHF formulas with safe fault classification, failure mode categories, multi-point fault detection, and IEC 61508 metric relationships.
ASIL Target Requirements
Explore PMHF targets per ASIL level with overview cards showing quantitative thresholds, compliance criteria, and the relationship between ASIL and metric stringency.
EEC - Evaluation of Each Cause
Learn the Evaluation of Each Cause method as an alternative to PMHF, with per-cause evaluation steps and a detailed steering control system worked example.
Practical Metrics & Architectural Decisions
Compare 1oo2, 2oo2, and 1oo2D safety architectures, understand FTTI timing constraints, perform CCF analysis, and apply architectural best practices.
Advanced Analysis & System-Level Concepts
Explore safe states, sensitivity analysis, PMHF budget allocation, MFTTI hierarchy, fail-operational phases, and networked system considerations.
Evaluation Methods & Architecture Trade-offs
Compare MCU lockstep vs diverse redundancy, SPFm/LFm evaluation approaches, FTA integration, cut set analysis, and mission time modeling techniques.
Interactive Calculator
Use the interactive PMHF, SPFm, and LFm calculators with real-time ASIL compliance checking, adjustable parameters, and instant visual feedback.
Real-World Examples
Study real-world case studies with detailed component analysis, failure rate data, diagnostic coverage determination, and calculated metric results.
FMEDA Process
Follow the complete FMEDA process flow from failure mode classification through diagnostic coverage to safety mechanism definition, FIT rate derivation, and DC verification.
Advanced FMEDA & Semiconductor Analysis
Master functional mapping, mechanical FMEDA, assumptions checklists, failure mode distribution, dynamic FMEDA methodology, and mission profile integration.
Implementation Process
Navigate project lifecycle phases for hardware metric implementation, explore tools and resources, understand supplier safety manuals, and apply ISO 26262-10 guidance.
FIT Data Sources & Guidelines
Understand FIT rate fundamentals, explore data source categories, apply selection guidelines, perform field data analysis, and account for temperature derating factors.
Interactive Calculators & Tools
Experiment with PMHF, SPFm, and LFm calculators, explore FMEDA workflows, and compare safety architectures with tools that bring hardware metrics to life.
PMHF Calculator
Real-time PMHF calculation with dual-point fault terms, adjustable failure rates, diagnostic coverage sliders, and instant ASIL compliance assessment.
SPFm Calculator
Single-point fault metric calculator with component-level failure input, safe fault classification, and automatic ASIL B/C/D target comparison.
LFm Calculator
Latent fault metric calculation with multi-point fault detection rates, residual fault categorization, and visual compliance indicators.
FMEDA Process Simulator
Step-by-step failure mode, effects, and diagnostic analysis with interactive failure mode classification and diagnostic coverage determination.
Architecture Comparison
Side-by-side comparison of 1oo2, 2oo2, and 1oo2D safety architecture patterns with reliability calculations and ASIL suitability assessment.
Bathtub Curve Visualization
Interactive failure rate visualization showing infant mortality, useful life, and wear-out phases with adjustable parameters and FIT rate overlay.
FMEDA Process Simulator
Walk through a complete Failure Mode, Effects, and Diagnostic Analysis from component identification through failure mode classification to diagnostic coverage determination and metric calculation.
- ✓Systematic failure mode identification and classification
- ✓Safe fault, single-point fault, and multi-point fault categorization
- ✓Diagnostic coverage determination with safety mechanism mapping
- ✓FIT rate derivation from handbook and field data sources
- ✓SPFm, LFm, and PMHF calculation from FMEDA results
- ✓Interactive step-by-step walkthrough with visual feedback
FMEDA Analysis
Hardware Metrics Workflow
Ready to Master Hardware Metrics?
Start your journey through 13 comprehensive chapters with interactive calculators, FMEDA simulation, and real-world case studies.
Start Learning Now